Which type of bond typically results in the formation of metals and alloys?

The type of bond that typically results in the formation of metals and alloys is metallic bonding. In metallic bonds, atoms in a metal lattice share their valence electrons in a 'sea' of electrons that are free to move. This electron delocalization allows metals to conduct electricity and heat efficiently, contributing to their characteristic properties such as malleability, ductility, and luster.

When multiple metal atoms combine, as in the case of alloys, their metallic bonding continues to operate, allowing for distinct physical and chemical properties that differ from the individual metals. This is particularly significant in alloys where the combination of different metals can enhance strength, corrosion resistance, and other attributes critical for specific applications.

In contrast, covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between non-metal atoms, ionic bonds form through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another leading to charged ions, and hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between polar molecules. None of these bonding types effectively lead to the properties we associate with metals and alloys.